04907cam a2200505Ii 4500 ocn957589957 OCoLC 20190328114816.0 m o d cr cnu|||unuuu 160901s2016 enk ob 001 0 eng d N$T eng rda pn N$T OPELS N$T EBLCP IDEBK OCLCF YDX OCLCO IDB OCLCO MERUC OCLCO OCLCQ OTZ UAB OCLCO MERER OCLCO OCLCQ OCLCO OCLCQ U3W OCLCO OCLCA OCLCQ OCLCO D6H OCLCO OCLCQ OCLCO OCLCQ AU@ OCLCO OCLCQ OCLCO OCLCQ OCLCA OCLCQ 961250225 9780128054031 (electronic bk.) 0128054034 (electronic bk.) 9780128054260 (print) 0128054263 (OCoLC)957589957 (OCoLC)961250225 RA1211 2016 J-286 QV 600 MED 071000 bisacsh 615.9 23 Gupta, P. K. (Pawan K.), 1943- author. Fundamentals of toxicology : essential concepts and applications / [electronic resource] P.K. Gupta. London, United Kingdom : Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 2016. 1 online resource text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index. Online resource; title from PDF title page (ScienceDirect, viewed September 12, 2016). Front Cover; Fundamentals of Toxicology; Copyright Page; Contents; About the Author; Foreword; Preface; Unit I; 1 Introduction and historical background; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Historical Background; 1.2.1 Antiquity; 1.2.2 Middle Ages; 1.2.3 Age of Enlightenment; 1.3 Modern Toxicology; 1.3.1 After World War II; 2 Definitions and scope of toxicology; 2.1 Definitions; 2.2 Sub-disciplines of Toxicology; 2.3 Toxicant and Types of Toxicants; 2.4 Toxicity and Toxic Effects; 2.4.1 Toxicity in Relation to Frequency and Duration of Exposure. 2.4.2 Toxicity in Relation to Time of Development and Duration of Induced Effects2.5 Dose and Related Terms; 2.6 Other Common Terms; 2.7 Sources of Poisoning; 2.7.1 Accidental Poisoning; 2.7.2 Malicious Poisoning; 2.7.3 Occupational Exposure; 2.8 Duration and Frequency of Exposure; 3 Classification of poisons/toxicants; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Classification of Poisons; 3.3 Actions of Poisons; 4 Factors affecting toxicity; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Factors Affecting Toxicity; 4.2.1 Host Factors; 4.2.2 Factors Related to the Toxicant or Associated With Xenobiotics; 4.2.3 Environmental Conditions. 5 Natural laws concerning toxicology5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Tolerance; 5.3 Dose; 5.4 Time Action Curves; 5.5 Dose-Response Relationship; 5.5.1 Graded or Gradual Dose-Response Relationship; 5.5.2 Quantal or All-or-None Dose-Response Relationship; 5.6 Statistical Concept of Toxicity; 5.7 Variables of Dose-Response Curve; 5.8 Frequently Used Terms for Safety Evaluation of Drugs; 5.9 Interaction With Receptors; 5.10 Types of Xenobiotics; 5.11 Xenobiotic/Drug Interaction; 5.12 Nature and Extent of Toxicity Testing; 6 Hazard and risk assessment; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Risk Assessment Approach. 6.2.1 Preliminary Evaluation6.2.2 Toxicity Assessment; 6.2.3 Exposure Assessment; 6.3 Conclusion; Unit II; 7 Absorption, distribution, and excretion of toxicants; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Translocation of Xenobiotics Across Membranes; 7.2.1 Membrane Permeability; 7.2.2 Mechanism of Chemical Transfer; 7.2.3 Processes of Transport; 7.2.3.1 Passive transport; 7.2.3.2 Specialized active transport; 7.2.3.3 Additional transport processes; 7.3 Absorption; 7.3.1 Gastrointestinal Absorption; 7.3.2 Skin Absorption; 7.3.3 Lungs Absorption; 7.3.4 Parenteral Administration; 7.4 Distribution. 7.4.1 Tissue Permeability Barriers7.4.2 Transfer Across Other Membranes; 7.4.3 Factors Affecting Distribution and Tissue Retention; 7.4.4 Binding to Biological Macromolecules and Toxic Effects; 7.4.5 Redistribution; 7.5 Excretion; 7.5.1 Renal Excretion; 7.5.2 Biliary Excretion; 7.5.3 Gastrointestinal Tract; 7.5.4 Expired Air; 7.5.5 Sweat; 7.5.6 Saliva; 7.5.7 Milk; 7.5.8 Vaginal Secretions; 7.5.9 Other Routes; 8 Biotransformation; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Functions of Biotransformation; 8.3 Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes; 8.4 Pathways of Biotransformation. Toxicology. MEDICAL Pharmacology. bisacsh Toxicology. fast (OCoLC)fst01153364 Toxicology. Electronic books. Print version: Gupta, P.K. (Pawan K.), 1943- Fundamentals of toxicology. London, United Kingdom : Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 2016 9780128054260 0128054263 ScienceDirect http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780128054260 247408 247408